:root {
  --bg: #f7f4ef;
  --bg-deep: #eee7dc;
  --card: #fffdf8;
  --ink: #1d1a15;
  --muted: #625c52;
  --line: #d9d0c2;
  --accent: #11695b;
  --accent-soft: rgba(17, 105, 91, 0.09);
  --gold: #eac447;
  --gold-soft: rgba(234, 196, 71, 0.24);
  --warm: #b9572b;
  --shadow: 0 12px 35px rgba(35, 29, 20, 0.07);
  --max: 1040px;
  --sans: "IBM Plex Sans", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --serif: "Source Serif 4", "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, serif;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free";
  src: url("assets/fonts/fa-solid-900.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 900;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: block;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Brands";
  src: url("assets/fonts/fa-brands-400.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: block;
}

.fa-solid {
  font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Free";
  font-weight: 900;
}

.fa-brands {
  font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Brands";
  font-weight: 400;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  color: var(--ink);
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 78% 48% at 7% -8%, var(--gold-soft), transparent 58%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 58% 38% at 100% 0%, var(--accent-soft), transparent 54%),
    var(--bg);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--warm);
}

button,
a {
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

.wrap {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-left: max(1.4rem, env(safe-area-inset-left));
  padding-right: max(1.4rem, env(safe-area-inset-right));
}

.topnav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(217, 208, 194, 0.85);
  background: rgba(247, 244, 239, 0.88);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
}

.topnav-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0.82rem 1.4rem;
}

.brand {
  margin-right: auto;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem 1rem;
}

.nav-links a {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

.nav-links a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.bio {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.45fr) minmax(240px, 0.72fr);
  gap: 3.2rem;
  align-items: center;
  padding-top: 3.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
  scroll-margin-top: 5rem;
}

.eyebrow,
.section-kicker,
.meeting-label {
  margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.bio h1 {
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 5vw, 3.45rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
  line-height: 1.04;
}

.bio h1 span {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.57em;
  font-weight: 600;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.bio-lead {
  max-width: 42rem;
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  font-size: 1.17rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.bio p:not(.eyebrow) {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0.95rem;
}

.bio-photo img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 23%;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 20px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.link-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  margin-top: 1.4rem;
}

.link-row a,
.pub-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 2.25rem;
  padding: 0.36rem 0.75rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--card);
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: border-color 0.15s ease, background 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease;
}

.link-row a {
  width: 2.5rem;
  height: 2.5rem;
  min-height: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.link-row .ai {
  font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.xhs-icon {
  width: 1.08rem;
  height: 1.08rem;
  background: currentColor;
  -webkit-mask: url("images/xiaohongshu.svg") center / contain no-repeat;
  mask: url("images/xiaohongshu.svg") center / contain no-repeat;
}

.link-row a:hover,
.pub-links a:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
}

.meeting-cta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 1.25rem;
  padding-top: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.meeting-cta > div:first-child {
  flex: 1;
}

.meeting-label {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.meeting-cta p:last-child {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.meeting-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.55rem;
}

.calendar-action,
.email-action {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  min-height: 2.55rem;
  padding: 0.48rem 0.9rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--card);
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.calendar-action {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
}

.calendar-action:hover {
  background: var(--warm);
  color: white;
}

.email-action:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.calendar-mark {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 1.35rem;
  height: 1.35rem;
  border: 2px solid #fff;
  border-top-color: var(--gold);
  border-radius: 4px;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.55rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1;
}

.section {
  padding: 4rem 0 2.4rem;
  scroll-margin-top: 4rem;
}

.section-title {
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
  margin: 0 0 1.55rem;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.3vw, 2.35rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.section-title::after {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  width: 2.6rem;
  height: 4px;
  margin-top: 0.62rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--gold);
}

.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}

.research-card {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 230px;
  padding: 1.35rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 15px;
  background: var(--card);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  isolation: isolate;
  outline: none;
  transition: border-color 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease;
}

.research-card:hover,
.research-card:focus-visible {
  border-color: rgba(17, 105, 91, 0.48);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(23, 67, 58, 0.14);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.research-card:focus-visible {
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(234, 196, 71, 0.58), 0 18px 42px rgba(23, 67, 58, 0.14);
}

.research-copy {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  transition: opacity 0.22s ease, transform 0.28s ease;
}

.research-index {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 2.4rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.research-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.research-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.research-card::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: -35px;
  right: -35px;
  width: 105px;
  height: 105px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gold-soft);
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.35s ease;
}

.research-card:hover .research-copy,
.research-card:focus-visible .research-copy {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(10px);
}

.research-card:hover::after,
.research-card:focus-visible::after {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(1.25);
}

.research-visual {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 3;
  inset: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: inherit;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 84% 18%, rgba(234, 196, 71, 0.3), transparent 26%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #0d544a 0%, #11695b 54%, #183f3a 100%);
  color: #fff;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(1.035);
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease, transform 0.45s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.72, 0.25, 1);
}

.research-card:hover .research-visual,
.research-card:focus-visible .research-visual {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1);
}

.visual-tag,
.visual-caption {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 8;
  left: 1rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.visual-tag {
  top: 0.9rem;
  color: #f4d66f;
  font-size: 0.61rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.visual-caption {
  right: 1rem;
  bottom: 0.85rem;
  padding-top: 0.55rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  font-size: 0.56rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* Neuro-symbolic planning illustration */
.planning-visual {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 52%, rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.18), transparent 34%),
    linear-gradient(150deg, #0f5f54, #123f3a);
}

.planning-node {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 5;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 3.35rem;
  height: 3.35rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.38);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  box-shadow: 0 9px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.13);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}

.planning-node i {
  margin-top: 0.27rem;
  color: #f4d66f;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-style: normal;
  line-height: 1;
}

.planning-node b {
  margin-top: -0.4rem;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.76);
  font-size: 0.49rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.planning-node--eye { top: 5.3rem; left: 1.15rem; }
.planning-node--graph { top: 2.7rem; left: calc(50% - 1.7rem); }
.planning-node--plan { top: 6.9rem; left: calc(50% - 1.7rem); }
.planning-node--goal { top: 4.6rem; right: 1.15rem; }

.planning-path {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.35), #f4d66f);
  transform-origin: left center;
}

.planning-path::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: -3px;
  right: -1px;
  border-top: 4px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 4px solid transparent;
  border-left: 6px solid #f4d66f;
}

.planning-path--one { top: 7rem; left: 4.1rem; width: 4.65rem; transform: rotate(-29deg); }
.planning-path--two { top: 5.25rem; left: calc(50% + 1.45rem); width: 2.8rem; transform: rotate(21deg); }
.planning-path--three { top: 7.65rem; left: calc(50% + 1.45rem); width: 2.95rem; transform: rotate(-28deg); }
.planning-path--merge { top: 6.25rem; left: calc(50% + 4.05rem); width: 1.7rem; }

.planning-path--two::after,
.planning-path--three::after {
  display: none;
}

.planning-merge-dot {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 4;
  top: calc(6.25rem - 3px);
  left: calc(50% + 4.05rem - 3px);
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f4d66f;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.15);
}

/* Robot manipulation illustration */
.manipulation-visual {
  background:
    linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(150deg, #143f3b, #0e6b5d);
  background-size: 26px 26px, 26px 26px, auto;
}

.robot-base,
.robot-arm,
.robot-joint,
.robot-gripper,
.target-tile,
.tile-slot,
.motion-arc { position: absolute; }

.robot-base {
  z-index: 3;
  bottom: 2.5rem;
  left: 2.43rem;
  width: 2.9rem;
  height: 0.78rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  border-radius: 48% 48% 0.3rem 0.3rem;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #555d5b 0%, #2b3231 55%, #171d1c 100%);
  box-shadow: inset 0 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.13), 0 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18), 0 9px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14);
}

.robot-base::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0.43rem;
  left: calc(50% - 0.48rem);
  width: 0.96rem;
  height: 1rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.52);
  border-radius: 0.42rem 0.42rem 0.18rem 0.18rem;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #b8bfbb 0%, #f7f8f3 42%, #d8ddda 67%, #8d9692 100%);
  box-shadow: inset -3px 0 rgba(40, 48, 46, 0.15), 0 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14);
}

.robot-base::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: 0.38rem;
  top: 0.22rem;
  width: 0.18rem;
  height: 0.18rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f4d66f;
  box-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.72);
}

.robot-joint {
  z-index: 5;
  width: 1.2rem;
  height: 1.2rem;
  border: 0.22rem solid #e9ebe7;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 42% 38%, #424b49 0%, #252c2b 55%, #111615 100%);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07), 0 0 0 1px rgba(24, 29, 28, 0.52), 0 4px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
}

.robot-joint::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  width: 0.27rem;
  height: 0.27rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.72);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #1d2423;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.robot-joint::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: -0.08rem;
  top: 0.08rem;
  width: 0.13rem;
  height: 0.13rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f4d66f;
  box-shadow: 0 0 4px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.64);
}

.robot-joint--base { top: 10rem; left: 3.2rem; width: 1.3rem; height: 1.3rem; }
.robot-joint--elbow { top: 5.38rem; left: 6.4rem; }
.robot-joint--wrist {
  top: 6.86rem;
  left: 11.06rem;
  width: 1.08rem;
  height: 1.08rem;
  border-width: 0.2rem;
}

.robot-arm {
  z-index: 4;
  height: 0.86rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  border-radius: 0.38rem;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #fff 0%, #f1f2ef 42%, #d8ddda 70%, #abb4b0 100%);
  box-shadow: inset 0 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7), inset 0 -3px rgba(35, 43, 41, 0.22), 0 4px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);
  clip-path: polygon(0 14%, 100% 0, 100% 100%, 0 86%);
  transform-origin: left center;
}

.robot-arm--lower { top: 10.22rem; left: 3.85rem; width: 5.65rem; transform: rotate(-55.8deg); }
.robot-arm--upper { top: 5.54rem; left: 7.02rem; width: 4.8rem; transform: rotate(17.3deg); }

.robot-arm--lower::before,
.robot-arm--upper::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0.1rem;
  left: 0.55rem;
  width: calc(100% - 1.25rem);
  height: 0.12rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  filter: blur(0.2px);
}

.robot-arm--lower::after,
.robot-arm--upper::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0.13rem;
  right: 0.58rem;
  width: 0.18rem;
  height: calc(100% - 0.26rem);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #5c6663, #252c2b);
  box-shadow: 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.34);
}

.robot-arm--hand {
  top: 7.08rem;
  left: 11.6rem;
  width: 2rem;
  height: 0.64rem;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.48);
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f9faf7 0%, #c6ceca 62%, #59625f 100%);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62), 0 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
  clip-path: none;
  transform: rotate(40.1deg);
}

.robot-gripper {
  z-index: 6;
  top: 8.62rem;
  left: 12.18rem;
  width: 1.95rem;
  height: 1.65rem;
}

.robot-gripper::before,
.robot-gripper::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.robot-gripper::before {
  z-index: 2;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 0.46rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #fafbf8 0%, #d8ddda 55%, #838d89 100%);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.68), 0 2px 0 #343b39, 0 4px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
}

.robot-gripper::after {
  z-index: 3;
  top: -0.13rem;
  left: calc(50% - 0.25rem);
  width: 0.5rem;
  height: 0.5rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #242b2a;
  border: 0.12rem solid #dfe3df;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
}

.robot-gripper i {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 3;
  top: 0.28rem;
  width: 0.3rem;
  height: 1.08rem;
  border-radius: 0 0 999px 999px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #59625f 0%, #2b3231 50%, #121817 100%);
  box-shadow: inset 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), 2px 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.robot-gripper i:first-child { left: 0.03rem; }
.robot-gripper i:last-child { right: -0.03rem; }

.target-tile {
  z-index: 4;
  top: 9.65rem;
  left: 12.55rem;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 1.25rem;
  height: 1.55rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.74);
  border-radius: 0.17rem;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fffef4 0%, #ece9d9 70%, #d4d0bf 100%);
  box-shadow: inset 2px 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62), inset -2px -2px rgba(98, 91, 70, 0.12), 0 8px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
}

.target-tile::before,
.target-tile::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  display: block;
}

.target-tile::before {
  top: -0.22rem;
  left: 0.04rem;
  width: calc(100% + 0.16rem);
  height: 0.22rem;
  border-radius: 0.1rem 0.1rem 0 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #fffef5, #d8d5c7);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  transform: skewX(-38deg);
  transform-origin: left bottom;
}

.target-tile::after {
  top: -0.08rem;
  right: -0.22rem;
  width: 0.22rem;
  height: calc(100% + 0.08rem);
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #c9c5b5, #aaa695);
  box-shadow: inset 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  transform: skewY(-38deg);
  transform-origin: left top;
}

.target-tile span {
  z-index: 3;
  color: #c94832;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1;
  text-shadow: 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
}

.tile-slot {
  z-index: 2;
  top: 11.12rem;
  left: 12.4rem;
  width: 1.58rem;
  height: 0.32rem;
  border: 1px dashed rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.78);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.06);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.05);
}

@keyframes precision-pinch-left {
  0%, 25%, 100% { transform: translateX(0); }
  48%, 72% { transform: translateX(2px); }
}

@keyframes precision-pinch-right {
  0%, 25%, 100% { transform: translateX(0); }
  48%, 72% { transform: translateX(-2px); }
}

@keyframes precision-place {
  0%, 25%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
  48%, 72% { transform: translateY(2px); }
}

@keyframes target-feedback {
  0%, 32%, 100% { opacity: 0.34; transform: scale(0.92); }
  58%, 75% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1.08); }
}

.research-card--manipulation:hover .robot-gripper i:first-child,
.research-card--manipulation:focus-visible .robot-gripper i:first-child {
  animation: precision-pinch-left 1.8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.research-card--manipulation:hover .robot-gripper i:last-child,
.research-card--manipulation:focus-visible .robot-gripper i:last-child {
  animation: precision-pinch-right 1.8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.research-card--manipulation:hover .target-tile,
.research-card--manipulation:focus-visible .target-tile {
  animation: precision-place 1.8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.research-card--manipulation:hover .tile-slot,
.research-card--manipulation:focus-visible .tile-slot {
  animation: target-feedback 1.8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.motion-arc {
  z-index: 1;
  border: 1.5px dashed rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.62);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.motion-arc--outer { top: 1.31rem; left: -5.49rem; width: 18.68rem; height: 18.68rem; }
.motion-arc--inner { top: 5rem; left: -1.8rem; width: 11.3rem; height: 11.3rem; }

/* Embodied foundation model illustration */
.foundation-visual {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 52% 50%, rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.24), transparent 25%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #113f3c, #11695b 58%, #17483f);
}

.model-orbit,
.modality,
.embodied-robot { position: absolute; }

.model-orbit {
  z-index: 1;
  top: 2.9rem;
  left: calc(50% - 4.55rem);
  width: 9.1rem;
  height: 9.1rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.23);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transform-origin: center;
}

.model-orbit::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: -0.25rem;
  left: calc(50% - 0.23rem);
  width: 0.46rem;
  height: 0.46rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f4d66f;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.12), 0 0 10px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.72);
}

.model-orbit--one {
  border-top-color: rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.72);
  border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.model-orbit--two {
  transform: rotate(58deg) scaleX(0.55);
  border-color: rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.22);
  border-top-color: rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.86);
  border-left-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
}

@keyframes orbit-spin-one {
  to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

@keyframes orbit-spin-two {
  from { transform: rotate(58deg) scaleX(0.55); }
  to { transform: rotate(-302deg) scaleX(0.55); }
}

.research-card--foundation:hover .model-orbit--one,
.research-card--foundation:focus-visible .model-orbit--one {
  animation: orbit-spin-one 8s linear infinite;
}

.research-card--foundation:hover .model-orbit--two,
.research-card--foundation:focus-visible .model-orbit--two {
  animation: orbit-spin-two 11s linear infinite;
}

.modality {
  z-index: 6;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.38rem;
  min-width: 3rem;
  padding: 0.38rem 0.55rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.32);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.13);
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  color: #f4d66f;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
}

.modality i { font-style: normal; }
.modality b { color: #fff; font-size: 0.58rem; }
.modality--vision { top: 3rem; left: 1.25rem; }
.modality--language { top: 5.4rem; right: 1.15rem; }
.modality--action { bottom: 3.25rem; left: 1.4rem; }

.embodied-robot {
  z-index: 4;
  top: 4rem;
  left: calc(50% - 2.1rem);
  width: 4.2rem;
  height: 7rem;
}

.robot-head,
.robot-body { position: absolute; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); }

.robot-head {
  top: 0;
  width: 2.9rem;
  height: 2.35rem;
  border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  border-radius: 48% 48% 42% 42%;
  background: #1a4e47;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -0.4rem 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
}

.robot-head i {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0.82rem;
  width: 0.42rem;
  height: 0.3rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f4d66f;
  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.8);
}

.robot-head i:first-child { left: 0.66rem; }
.robot-head i:last-child { right: 0.66rem; }

.robot-body {
  top: 2.7rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-around;
  width: 3.65rem;
  height: 3.7rem;
  padding-top: 1rem;
  border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  border-radius: 1rem 1rem 1.45rem 1.45rem;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.robot-body::before,
.robot-body::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0.45rem;
  width: 0.65rem;
  height: 3.7rem;
  border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.robot-body::before { left: -0.9rem; transform: rotate(11deg); }
.robot-body::after { right: -0.9rem; transform: rotate(-11deg); }

.robot-body b {
  width: 0.42rem;
  height: 0.42rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f4d66f;
  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(244, 214, 111, 0.6);
}

.research-note {
  margin: 1.2rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.project-feature {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  gap: 1.75rem;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 1.35rem 1.5rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 14px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--card), rgba(241, 225, 171, 0.2)),
    var(--card);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.project-feature:hover {
  border-color: rgba(17, 105, 91, 0.42);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.project-meta {
  margin: 0 0 0.65rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.project-copy h3 {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2.2vw, 1.55rem);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.project-copy > p:last-child {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 0.45rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.project-domain {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.project-arrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 2.3rem;
  height: 2.3rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

#projects {
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

#news {
  padding-top: 3rem;
}

.news-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.news-list li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 6rem 1fr;
  gap: 1.1rem;
  padding: 0.85rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.news-list li:first-child {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.news-list time {
  font-weight: 700;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.news-list .news-older {
  display: none;
}

.news-list.is-expanded .news-older {
  display: grid;
}

.news-more {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: none;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: inherit;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.news-more:hover {
  color: var(--warm);
}

.pub-intro {
  max-width: 48rem;
  margin: -0.3rem 0 1.15rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.contribution-note {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.15rem;
}

.pub-filters {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.35rem;
}

.pub-filter {
  padding: 0.42rem 0.86rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--card);
  color: var(--muted);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.pub-filter:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.pub-filter.is-active {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
}

.pub-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.35rem;
}

.pub {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 245px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 1.4rem;
  padding: 1.15rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 15px;
  background: var(--card);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.pub[hidden] {
  display: none;
}

.pub-media {
  align-self: start;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: var(--bg-deep);
}

.pub-media img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.pub-body h3 {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0.48rem;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.pub-body h3 a {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.pub-body h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.pub-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.pub-authors {
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

.pub-authors strong {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.pub-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.45rem;
}

.pub-links a {
  min-height: 1.95rem;
  padding: 0.26rem 0.65rem;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.academic-timeline {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 0.82fr) 42px minmax(0, 1.4fr);
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr;
  column-gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
  padding-top: 0.25rem;
}

.timeline-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 0.82fr) 42px minmax(0, 1.4fr);
  column-gap: 1.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.9rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.timeline-head span:last-child {
  grid-column: 3;
}

.education-period {
  display: grid;
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 2;
  grid-template-columns: 3.2rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 1rem;
  min-height: 390px;
  padding: 1.35rem 0;
}

.education-year {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.education-year i {
  position: relative;
  flex: 1;
  width: 3px;
  min-height: 210px;
  margin: 0.65rem 0;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--accent);
}

.education-year i::before,
.education-year i::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  width: 0.55rem;
  height: 0.55rem;
  border: 2px solid var(--bg);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gold);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--accent);
  transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.education-year i::before {
  top: 0;
}

.education-year i::after {
  bottom: 0;
}

.education-summary {
  align-self: center;
  padding: 1.2rem 0;
}

.education-summary img {
  width: min(210px, 100%);
  max-height: 70px;
  margin-bottom: 1.6rem;
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: left center;
}

.education-summary h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  line-height: 1.32;
}

.education-summary > p {
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.timeline-axis {
  position: relative;
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
  min-height: 390px;
}

.timeline-axis::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 1.35rem;
  bottom: 1.35rem;
  left: 50%;
  width: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
  transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.timeline-axis span {
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  width: 0.7rem;
  height: 0.7rem;
  border: 2px solid var(--bg);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gold);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--accent);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.timeline-axis .axis-2028 {
  top: 1.35rem;
}

.timeline-axis .axis-2026 {
  top: 22%;
  background: var(--accent);
}

.timeline-axis .axis-2025 {
  top: 58%;
}

.timeline-axis .axis-2024 {
  bottom: 0.65rem;
}

.experience-list {
  display: flex;
  grid-column: 3;
  grid-row: 2;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-width: 0;
}

.experience-entry {
  flex: 1;
  min-height: 125px;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.experience-entry:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.entry-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  min-height: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.entry-meta time {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.entry-meta img {
  width: 48px;
  height: 31px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.entry-meta img.wide {
  width: 74px;
}

.experience-entry h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.experience-entry h3 a {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.experience-entry h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.experience-entry p {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.experience-entry.is-current h3::after {
  content: "Now";
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: 0.55rem;
  padding: 0.12rem 0.45rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.63rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  vertical-align: 0.15rem;
}

.two-column {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 3rem;
}

.subsection-title {
  margin: 0 0 0.9rem;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
}

.plain-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  list-style: none;
}

.plain-list li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 4.5rem 1fr;
  gap: 0.85rem;
  padding: 0.9rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.plain-list time {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.87rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.misc-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 1.25rem;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.misc-list li {
  margin: 0.55rem 0;
  padding-left: 0.25rem;
}

.site-footer {
  margin-top: 2rem;
  padding: 2rem 0 3rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.footer-inner {
  text-align: center;
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.footer-inner p {
  margin: 0;
}

.footer-smile {
  margin-bottom: 0.35rem !important;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .topnav-inner {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .nav-links {
    flex-basis: 100%;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .bio {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.7rem;
    padding-top: 2.2rem;
  }

  .bio-photo {
    order: -1;
    width: min(230px, 58vw);
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .bio h1,
  .eyebrow,
  .bio-lead {
    text-align: center;
  }

  .link-row {
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .research-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-card {
    min-height: 230px;
  }

  .project-feature {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
  }

  .project-meta {
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
  }

  .project-domain {
    justify-content: space-between;
  }

  .research-index {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }

  .pub {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .pub-media {
    width: min(100%, 480px);
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .academic-timeline,
  .timeline-head {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(210px, 0.78fr) 30px minmax(0, 1.22fr);
    column-gap: 1rem;
  }

  .two-column {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  body {
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .topnav-inner {
    padding: 0.68rem 1.15rem;
  }

  .nav-links {
    gap: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
  }

  .nav-links a {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
  }

  .wrap {
    padding-left: max(1.15rem, env(safe-area-inset-left));
    padding-right: max(1.15rem, env(safe-area-inset-right));
  }

  .section {
    padding: 2.8rem 0 1.7rem;
  }

  .meeting-cta {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-left: 1.15rem;
    margin-right: 1.15rem;
  }

  .meeting-actions {
    width: 100%;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .news-list li,
  .news-list.is-expanded .news-older {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.2rem;
  }

  .academic-timeline {
    display: block;
  }

  .timeline-head,
  .timeline-axis {
    display: none;
  }

  .education-period {
    min-height: 250px;
    margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
    padding: 1rem 0 1.35rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .education-year i {
    min-height: 120px;
  }

  .education-summary {
    padding: 0.6rem 0;
  }

  .education-summary img {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }

  .experience-list {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1.6rem;
  }

  .experience-list::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 1.25rem;
    bottom: 1.25rem;
    left: 0.25rem;
    width: 1px;
    background: var(--line);
  }

  .experience-entry {
    position: relative;
  }

  .experience-entry::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 1.25rem;
    left: -1.68rem;
    width: 0.65rem;
    height: 0.65rem;
    border: 2px solid var(--bg);
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--gold);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--accent);
  }

  .experience-entry.is-current::before {
    background: var(--accent);
  }

  .plain-list li {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.2rem;
  }

}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  .research-card,
  .research-copy,
  .research-card::after,
  .research-visual {
    transition: none;
  }

  .robot-gripper i,
  .target-tile,
  .tile-slot,
  .model-orbit {
    animation: none !important;
  }
}